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Monopolarization
Monopolarization 1.2 Forms of truth 1.3 Accumulative answers 1.4 Developing a new "meta-answer" 1.5 Decodification of analyses of capital accumulation 1.6 "New International Conceptual Order" 1.7 Accumulation and development l.8 Development of accumulation 1.9 Domains of significance
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Part 1 of
Development through Alternation. Augmented version of a
paper originally prepared for Integrative Working Group B of the Goals, Processes and Indicators of Development (GPID) project of the Human and Social Development Programme of the United Nations University (UNU). This document was originally distributed as a separate monograph in 1983. The paper provides a structure linking reviews of alternation as it emerges in studies from a wide range of sources. The paper is in 9 separate parts [searchable
PDF version]
The many initiatives in response to the global problematique are in most cases stimulated by a need to determine guidelines for action. The question to which an answer is sought at all levels is some variant of "what can be usefully done?"
The answers to this question have taken a range of well-known forms which include the following:
- policy recommendations to appropriate institutions,
- publication and distribution of research conclusions to academic communities,
- public information programmes to adapt and disseminate conclusions,
- formulation of educational programmes for schools and universities,
- implementation of community dialogue programmes in the light of the conclusion,
- implementation of field programmes acting directly on societal problems,
- design of new organizations and institutions capable of responding more adequately to the societal condition,
- elaboration and dissemination of visions of alternatives and future action modes,
- design of a new information system to ensure more effective interaction concerning materials related to the subject matter and conclusions,
- organization of (a series of) meetings on the subject matter and conclusions,
- proposals for further research on the subject matter and conclusions, whether involving practical applications or fundamental re-assessment of methodology,
- elaboration of innovative audio-visual presentations of the nature of the problem and the action possibilities,
- elaboration and dissemination of a new set of values through which consensus can be obtained,
- elaboration and dissemination of a declaration concerning action to be taken,
- elaboration of a multilateral treaty concerning action to be taken,
- elaboration of an interaction process whereby the problematique can be approached in a new light.
These are all "classical" options to ensure an integrated response to any societal condition. They have been extensively applied since the origin of the International Development Decades and in response to every type of problem, including: energy, population, food, refugees, discrimination, health, youth, drugs or environment. It is fair to conclude that these answers have been successful to the extent that the problem was either a narrow technical one involving little controversy (e.g. smallpox) or did not call for immediate action (e.g. creating environmental awareness). The answers have however been of limited effectiveness in containing the problematique in its essential globality. The point has
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