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Polyhedral mapping reconciling value-goals and their antitheses in the light of ball-games


Refining the Value of Sustainable Development Goals (Part #5)


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Taking 17 as a point of departure on which a form of ("non-negotiable"?) global consensus has been achieved, how might the coherence of the set be comprehended -- beyond the conventional use of an inherently unmemorable checklist of bullet-points? The approach taken here is to seek ways of mapping the 17 value-goals onto polyhedra with varying degrees of symmetry, offering varying degrees of memorability (partially according to that symmetry). The numbers characteristic of the polyhedra (vertices, faces, edges) can then be placed in juxtaposition with the number of players in various well-known ball games.

The argument here assumes that the 17 value-goals might indeed be associated with particular polyhedra. However the psychosocial reality of interest is the manner in which they are challenged by their antitheses -- the value-goals with which they are in game-like competition, namely those of their opponents, perceived as "deadly".

In sport, it is not the values upheld by the "home team" which are of sustainable interest -- unless they are challenged by opponents who can be successfully defeated as an exemplification of the superiority of the values which the "home team" defends. The game derives its interest (as a "strange attractor") from its dynamics, not from any static juxtaposition of the opposing teams.

The existence of the globally agreed set of 17 value-goals is taken as the necessary point of departure for this exercise. For this reason polyhedra onto which they might be mapped are presented at the top of the table below -- whether the choice is made to map onto vertices, faces or edges. In each case however, accepting that the set acquires its interest and meaning from its dynamics with an opposing set, there is a need to consider what polyhedra the two "teams" of 17 might be mapped to provide a sense of the larger coherence of psychosocial dynamics. The shaded rows in the table therefore offer indications of suitable polyhedra with regard to both "teams", in contrast to the unshaded row for the singular set of value-goals alone. It is then in the shaded row that various ball-games can be identified (on the right), according to the number of players on each side.

It is appropriate to recall that the perspectives opposing any set of values are themselves typically associated with a contrasting set of values -- rather than being inherently meaningless in any absolute sense (whatever claims are made in this respect by the opponents). Like it or not, however "non-negotiable" the world view with which each is associated, it is within the game that "negotiation" takes place, whatever the conflictual dynamics involved.

Links have been provided in the table to depictions of some polyhedra, whether in terms of their interest (in relation to the set of 17), or because of their recognition in terms of regularity or semi-regularity. Such regularity is understood as an approximation to the global whole (implied by the relation of the polyhedra to their circumspheres). For any given case, there may be multiple polyhedral candidates, in which case the number is indicated (in parentheses in the table), but only the more common or "interesting" are listed. Many indicated are obscure, little known, or highly irregular.

Given the particularly unusual value attached to the set of 17 as exemplifying a global preoccupation, the associated polyhedra are presented visually beneath the table -- whether for the 17 alone, or for the game of 2x17 in which they necessarily compete strategically.

Identification of polyhedra as possible mapping devices -- in comparison with dynamics of ball-games of equivalent complexity
(unshaded rows relate to 17; shaded rows relate to 34)
Polyhedral mapping possibilities
(data from the polyhedral library in Stella Polyhedron Navigator)
Team games
  Vertices Faces Edges
17 Stellation of rhombic triacontahedron (1) Pentagonal rotunda (5)
2-Frequency octahedral geodesic hemisphere
Bi-augmented triangular prism (2)
Square pentagonal mixed prism
   
  Moon base (2)
4-Frequency tetrahedral geodesic sphere
Gyroelongated square bicupola (2)
898-Tuttip
Stewart Z4 (1) 34 (2x17)
17-a-side
 
16 Heptagonal deltohedron (20)
Octagonal prism
Heptagonal antiprism (20)
Octagonal dipyramid
Square antiprism (5)
Square deltohedron
   
  Rhombic triacontahedron (30)
Biaugmented truncated cube
Icosidodecahedron (33)
Truncated icosahedron
Truncated dodecahedron
Octagonal antiprism (7)
Octagonal deltohedron
32 (2x16)
16-a-side
 
15 Pentagonal cupola (9)
Augmented truncated tetrahedron
Bifunabirofunda
Elongated pentagonal dipyramid (5) Pentagonal prism (9)
Pentagonal dipyramid
   
  Icosidodecahedron (32)
Wings
Rhombic triacontahedron (24) Dodecahedron (23)
Icosahedron
30 (2x15)
15-a-side
rugby union
hurling
bandy
14 Rhombic dodecahedron (30)
Tetrakishexahedron
Cuboctahedron (35)
Truncated octahedron
Truncated cube
Gyrobifastigium (5)    
  Augmented truncated cube (6)
Tetrated dodecahedron
Tetrated dodecahedron (5) Heptagonal antiprism (20) 28 (2x14)
14-a-side
football
cricket
13 Augmented hexagonal prism (5) Gyroelongated square pyramid (5)
Biaugmented pentagonal prism
Augmented triangular prism (1)    
  Strombic icositetrahedron (8) Rhombicuboctahedron (35)
Truncated cuboctahedron
Great rhombicubocahedron
Great truncated cuboctahedron
Parabiaugmented heexagonal prism (4)
Bifunabirotunda
26 (2x13)
13-a-sdie
rugby league
12

Icosahedron (37)
Cuboctahedron
Truncated tetrahedron
Great dodecahedron
Great icosahedron

Dodecahedron (35)
Rhombic dodecahedron
Cube (8)
Octahedron
Tetrahemihexahedron
Tetrahemihexacron
   
  Truncated octahedron (40)
Truncated cube
Rhombicuboctahedron
Small cubicuboctahedron
Snub cube
Stella octangula (42)
Strombic icositetrahedron
Pentagonal icositetrahedron
Augmented cube
Cuboctahedron (23)
Rhombic dodecahedron
Octagonalprism
Octagonal dipyramid
24 (2x12)
12-a-side
shinty
11 Elongated pentagonal pyramid (8)
Gyroelongated pentagonal prism
Diminished icosahedron
Elongated pentagonal pyramid (9)
Biaugmented triangular prism
Augmented hexagonal prism
--    
  Great dodecahemicosacron (5) Great dodecahemicosahedron (13) Augmented hexagonal prism (2) 22 (2x11)
11-a-side
association football
cricket
bandy
10 Hexahemioctacron (8)
Square deltohedron
Pentagonal prism
Cubohemioctahedron (18)
Square antiprism
Pentagonal dipyramid
Pentagonal pyramid (3)    
  Dodecahedron (26) Icosahedron (20)
Great icosahedron
Small cubicubocahedron
Pentagonal antiprism (19) 20 (2x10)
10-a-side
rugby tens
9 Heptagonal dipyramid (9) Heptagonal prism (6)
Triangular prism (3)
Triangular dipyramid
   
  Small rhombihexacrom (13)
Great rhombihexacron
Small rhombihexahedron (19)
Great rhombihexahedron
Truncated tetrahedron (8)
Hexagonal prism
18 (2x9)
9-a-side
baseball
footy
8 Cube (18)
Square antiprism
Squashed cube
Rhombic prism
Octahedron (13)
Truncated tetrahedron
Hexagonal prism
Gyrobifastigium
Square pyramid (1)    
  Heptagonal deltohedron (20)
Octagonal prism
Octagonal antiprism
Simplest torus
Heptagonal antiprism (20) Square antiprism (5) 16 (2x8)
8-a-side
youth teams
(cricket,
football)
7 Tetrahemihexacron (8)
Pentagonal dipyramid
Szilassi (5)
Pentagonal prism
--    
  Rhombic dodecahedron (30)
Heptagonal prism
Heptagonal antiprism
Cuboctahedron (35)
Truncated octahedron
Truncated cube
Csaszar
Gyrobifastigium (5) 14 (2x7)
7-a-side
paralympic football
6 Octahedron (5)
Triangular prism
Pentagonal pyramid
Cube (8)
Triangular dipyramid
Pentagonal pyramid
Squashed cube
Tetrahedron (1)    
  Icosahedron (37)
Truncated tetrahedron
Cuboctahedron
Dodecahedron (35)
Rhombic dodecahedron
Cube (8)
Octahedron
Squashed cube
12 (2x6)
6-a-side
volleball
paralympic football
ice hockey
5 Triangular dipyramid (4)
Square pyramid
Triangular dipyramid
Triangular prism (2)
Square pyramid
--    
  Hexahemioctacron (8)
Pentagonal prism
Cubohemioctahedron (8)
Square antiprism
Pentagonal dipyramid
Pentagonal pyramid (3) 10 (2x5)
5-a-side
football
basketball
paralympic football
4 Tetrahedron (1) Tetrahedron (1) --    
  Cube (18)
Square antiprism
Gyrobifastigium
Octahedron (13)
Truncated tetrahedron
Gyrobifastigium
Square pyramid (1) 8 (2x4)
4-a-side
short football
3 -- -- --    
  Octahedron (5)
Pentagonal pyramid
Triangular prism
Cube (8)
Triangular dipyramid
Pentagonal pyramid
Squashed cube
Tetrahedron (1) 6 (2x3)
3-a-side
 
2 -- -- --    
  Tetrahedron (1) Tetrahedron (1) -- 4 (2x2)
2-a-side
doubles (tennis, etc)
bridge
1 -- -- --    
        "2"  

In what sense could it be understood that particular ball-games, with a distinctive number of players, are giving expression (unconsciously) to the elusive experiential coherence of a pattern of invariance indicated by a particular polyhedron? Are the passing patterns of any such game an exemplification of constraints implied by the polyhedral configuration?

With respect to the pattern of 17 value-goals, it could be considered remarkable the the number is central to to one of the most esteemed ball-games, namely golf. The esteem is all the greater given the association of the game with the person recognized as the "most powerful man on the planet" and his ownership of the courses on which it takes place. Golf courses of distinction typically have from 17 to 19 "holes".

The challenges are usefully reframed by the work of management cybernetician Stafford Beer (Beyond Dispute: the invention of team syntegrity, 1994). Although no reference is made to the players of a rugby game, for example, his research focused on "problem jostling" between 12 active perspectives in a game. These interactions he associated with the 30 edges of an icosahedron between its 12 vertices. Given his understanding of the role of the edges in the icosahedron, it is these edges which may be of special interest in representation of the dynamics of any game. Other insights may arise from consideration of the vertices and faces for that purpose -- as with the sense of "facing off" or "marking" a player in the opposing team.

Similar approaches have been previously explored:


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